Dominica is situated at the northern end of the Windward Chain of the Lesser Antilles. It is the largest of this island group, lying between the two French islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe. Roughly rectangular in shape with rounded projections at each end, it is 46 kms. (29 miles) long by 25 kms. (16 miles) wide, an area of 790 sq. kms (290 sq. miles). Ruggedly beautiful and volcanic in origin, Dominica's narrow coastal shelves, towering green moun tains covered in dense tropical forests, deep valleys and countless streams provide magnificent scenic views. Agriculture is the main stay of the island's economy, with bananas being the main crop followed by coconuts. Dominica is perhaps the most naturally beautiful and different of all Caribbean destina tions. Dominated by towering mountains and primordial rain forests, criss-crossed by rivers and waterfalls, Dominica offers an opportunity to experience one of the last spots on earth, where nature, so unchanged and unspoiled, flourishes in abundance.Under water is as spectacular as above. The unexplored coral reefs, dramatic drop -offs and wrecks offer spectacular world class diving possibilities and visibility of 80 plus. The "Adventure Dive Destination" is ideal for the diver seeking a new and different dive vacation experience.Dominica was originally inhabited by the Arawak and Carib Indians. The island is still home to about 3,000 Carib Indians, descendants of the original inhabitants of the island, who live in the Carib Reserve, an area of about 3,700 acres in the north east of the island, established in 1903 and owned by the Carib Indians. The Caribs are mainly agricul turalists, but still practice their traditional skills of canoe building and basketry. The first known Europeans to sight the island were led by Christopher Columbus, who sailed past on a Sunday in 1493 (hence the name Dominica). Dominica has changed ownership many times, between the French and the English. In 1748, the English and French agreed that Dominica would remain neutral and left to its original inhabitants, the Caribs. By the Treaty of Paris in 1763, Dominica was assigned to Britain, but the Treaty was broken when the French tried to recapture the island in 1795 and made a last attempt in 1805 when Roseau was burnt. The French finally pulled out with a ransom of £8000. The island remained a British colony until 1967 when it became a self-governing Associated State. Full Inde pendence with republican status within the British Commonwealth came on 3rd November 1978. The French influence is still evi dent in the Creole which is spoken and in the family and place names. Dominica is now formally known as:
